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Using a stopped flow, the photodiode array spectrometer was employed to study the reduction kinetics of Iron(III)-Benzohydroxamic acid(BHA) complex with pH having 4.5 to 3 and temperature ranging from 298 K to 278 K. KCl was used to set the ionic strength of the system to 0.2 M. Pseudo first-order kinetics were studied to understand the reduction process. The rate constant was also calculated for 2nd order as well. It has been reported that in around 10 to 11 seconds more than half of Iron-BHA complex had been reduced while after around 120 seconds, the concentration of the complex was negligi..read more
Muhammad Perviaz, Shazia Nisar, Shazia Ishfaq, Kanwal Zahid, Muhammad Atif, Fazal Rahim,
Ajmal Khan and Zulkifle Ikram
- 03 Oct 2025
- Volume Detail: VOLUME 47, NO5, OCT-2025
- Pages: 387
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Luciferin is a chemical compound found in some living organisms. It is responsible for producing light. Due to the importance of luciferin in various applications, in this study, a series of new luciferin analogues are synthesised and characterized using different techniques, including: proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-NMR), Correlation spectroscopy (COSY), Heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC), Electron impact (EI) mass spectra, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). These compounds are synthesized by reacting cysteine ..read more
Wael Sadiq Hanoon, Raed Kadhim Zaidan, Basil Ali Abdullah and Widad S. Hanoosh
- 03 Oct 2025
- Volume Detail: VOLUME 47, NO5, OCT-2025
- Pages: 402
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Accurate and dependable measurement of bismuth is vital for ensuring the safety of drugs, managing industrial processes, and evaluating environmental pollution. In this study, a new potentiometric sensor that uses Sudan I as the electroactive material within poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane structure was designed. The sensor displayed a broad linear concentration range of 1.0×10-3 to 1.0×10-10 M, an ultra-low detection limit of 4.0×10⁻11 M, and a response time of 30 seconds. It retained stable performance across a pH range of 2.0–7.0 and had an operational lifetime of about one month. When ..read more
Burak Aksar, Gulsah Saydan Kanberoglu and Fatih Coldur
- 03 Oct 2025
- Volume Detail: VOLUME 47, NO5, OCT-2025
- Pages: 414
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In this study, boric acid-zinc (BA-Zn) nanoalloys were employed as an adsorbent for the removal of RB-5 dyestuff from aqueous solutions. The investigation focused on analyzing the impact of the initial dyestuff concentration, solution pH, temperature, and equilibrium contact time on the adsorption process of RB-5. The adsorption behavior of RB-5 onto the surface of BA-Zn-nanoalloys was explored, with a particular emphasis on the influence of initial dyestuff concentration and solution pH. The adsorption equilibrium data were subjected to analysis using Langmuir, Freundlich, DRK, and Temkin iso..read more
Hasan İLHAN, Ömer GULER, Tuncay ŞİMŞEK, Salih ALKAN
- 03 Oct 2025
- Volume Detail: VOLUME 47, NO5, OCT-2025
- Pages: 422
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The widely used dye Reactive Green 5 (RG 5) endures an adverse effect on human health and water supplies, necessitating effective elimination strategies. Heterogeneous photocatalysis based on semiconductors is a sustainable approach that precisely degrades organic contaminants. The present study aims to explain and verify the effectiveness of a remarkable PPY@GCN/Bi2WO6 (PGB) composite for the environmental remediation of RG 5 dye. The graphite carbon nitride (GCN) based ternary composite (PGB) has been synthesized by the hydrothermal approach. The prepared composites were studied by using SE..read more
Raheeba Akbar, Haq Nawaz Bhatti, Muhammad Zahid, Muhammad Yasin Naz
- 03 Oct 2025
- Volume Detail: VOLUME 47, NO5, OCT-2025
- Pages: 436
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: Soybean straw was utilized as a raw material to extract hemicellulose by employing an alkaline solution. The structure of polysaccharides was analyzed using UV-visible, infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) one-dimensional and two-dimensional spectra. At the same time, the monosaccharide components and surface structure of xylan in soybean straw were analyzed. The in vitro antioxidant activity of soybean straw xylooligosaccharides (XOS) was evaluated using DPPH clearance and reducibility tests. Additionally, the probiotic activity of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium ani..read more
Wenming Jiang, Xingchen Guo, Mingxing Liao, Chunqing Hao, Jingxia Chen, Fang Li
- 03 Oct 2025
- Volume Detail: VOLUME 47, NO5, OCT-2025
- Pages: 456
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This study introduces an innovative approach for synthesizing an Fe-doped ZnO-zeolite composite material with enhanced structural and functional properties targeting advanced environmental and catalytic applications. The key hypothesis of this study is that Fe doping and zeolite integration can synergistically increase the performance of ZnO by increasing the surface area, structural stability and reactivity. Fly ash-based zeolites were synthesized by fusion-assisted hydrothermal technique and employed as a support matrix for ZnO nanoparticles. ZnO was doped with varying concentrations of Fe (..read more
Akmal Shahzad Babar, Shahzad Ali Shahid Chatha and Atta Ul Haq
- 03 Oct 2025
- Volume Detail: VOLUME 47, NO5, OCT-2025
- Pages: 474
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Fe3O4 nanoparticles (a), novel Fe3O4/Zr-MOF (b) and Fe3O4/Cu-MOF (c) composites with Zr and Cu metal-organic framework Zr-MOF (d) and Cu-MOF(e) were synthesized. Fe3O4 nanoparticles Zr-MOF (d) and Cu-MOF (e) were synthesized by hydrothermal method and Fe3O4/Zr-MOF and Fe3O4/Cu-MOF composite was synthesized by sonication. The photocatalytic activity of the Fe3O4 (NPs), MOFs and the composites were investigated for degradation of methylene blue exposed to sunlight at pH 9.2. The composites were characterized by FTIR, UV-vis, TGA, SEM, and EDS spectroscopy. The composites Fe3O4/Zr-MOF and Fe3O4/C..read more
Reazul Hasan Riyan, Muhaimin Helal Efat, Md. Azharul Arafath and Md. Sohrab Hossain
- 03 Oct 2025
- Volume Detail: VOLUME 47, NO5, OCT-2025
- Pages: 487
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