Nowadays, heavy metals, which are among the various hazardous pollutants, are present at a high level of density in the receiving environments. Among heavy metals, especially copper is mainly present in wastewater due to the industrial activities. Adsorption is the most practical method to prevent this pollution, and in recent years, researchers have been involved in researching both adsorption and cost-efficient, accessible, easy-to-apply environmentally friendly adsorbents. In this study, the adsorption capacity of high density bioballs having a potential adsorbent characteristic was investigated. Accordingly, different pH values (2.0 – 6.0) and the contact times (1 -150 minutes) of a solution on the adsorption process was evaluated under a constant agitating speed (150 rpm), a constant temperature (25°C) and a fixed amount of adsorbent (2.0 g). Experimental data on the pH and contact times obtained were evaluated using different isotherm and kinetic models in a batch process. The optimum conditions for the adsorption process were determined as follows: adsorbent dose = 2 g/L, pH = 6.23 and contact time = 45 minute. The maximum copper refining efficiency of a high density bioball was calculated to be approximately 78% under the optimum conditions determined. The maximum adsorption capacity based on the Langmuir isotherm is 5.60 mg/g, and the adsorption of the copper element onto the high-density bioball is defined by a pseudo-second-order kinetics. The process was found to be applicable, spontaneous, and endothermic according to thermodynamic parameters. As a result, it has been noted that high density bioballs used as a biofilm material may be an alternative adsorbent for copper and the other heavy metals.
Hakan Çelebi
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